Representation

Representation- the way in which people,events and ideas are presented to the audience

- to break it down, the media takes something that is already there an re-presents it to us in the way that they choose.

Stereotypes- media industries use stereotypes use because the audience will instantly understand them. This of stereotypes as a 'visual shortcut'. They're so often that we assume they are normal or true.

Archetypes - This is the 'ultimate' stereotype.

Countertypes- a representation that challenges tradition stereotypical associations of groups,people or places.

Gatekeepers- any person involved in a media production with the power to make a decision about something the audience are allowed to read,hear or see.

This is a countertype towards women as rugby is a stereotypical sport for men. However women can play any sport they want and they are just as capable of playing a 'mans' sport.

She demanded that girls be allowed to receive an education. For her activism, she was shot in the head by a Taliban gunman in 2012, but survived and went on to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. This is a countertype as people don't expect girls to stand up for what they believe in and Malala did that.

This would be another countertype as high heels are classed as a women shoe when in reality anyone can wear what they want.